4号戈尔韦亚中庭

发布于：2023-05-14 01:01:03

Gorbea 4 Atriums by Studio Urquijo-Kastner Landscape Architecture

位置：西班牙

分类：别墅庭院

内容：实景照片

图片：21张

景观建筑：Urquijo-Kastner Estudio de Paisajismo (Miguel Urquijo and Renate Kastner)
建设时间：2007年
建设面积：440平方米（每个中庭220平方米）

这个项目建设于2007年，位于马德里的一个5层办公楼的2个内院中，由两个20x11的矩形空间组成，可被所有的办公室看到。这些庭院的设计是希望为办公区域提供了柔和舒适的自然光线，但是也直接导致了整体的环境很幽暗，通风效果也不好。植物的可种植深度也很浅（50-60cm左右），对改善环境似乎也起不到什么作用。
这个庭院位于建筑的核心区域，办公的人们可以从各个楼层看到下面的花园。为了在楼上也可以看到良好的景观效果，该项目的绿化模式应该是清晰可辨的。设计师提供了几个可供选择的设计方案，其中有一些是根据更几何式的图案，但是最终被接受是线条较为自然柔和的设计方案。
在马德里，阴暗潮湿的环境不太常见，但这不应该成为方案设计的一个限制因素，相反地，设计师应当利用这一不寻常的机会来创造一个微型小气候。设计师在植物的选择上非常注意，选择的品种有：黄杨杉（黄杨）、蕨类植物、麦冬、大吴风草、白桦阿尔巴（白桦树）等，非常适合庭院里相对阴暗潮湿的环境。
两者中庭使用同一套设计方案、材料和植物，但是这些元素的布局方式类似却不相同，Box（一种植物）被用作基础绿化，给环境提供统一的结构。它每年修剪2或3次，以保证合适的植物密度以及整齐的外观。其他的植物（尤其是娇嫩的蕨类植物和大吴风草）按照自然随意的形式种植。此外，麦冬作为一个补充品种种植在与其他植物的边界区域来丰富景观层次。
项目中所用的石块来自乌尔达（托莱多）的采石场，它深灰色的乃至纯黑色的色调进一步突出了植物的嫩绿。这个花园里一共使用了5个品种，银桦树将会长久地占据上层空间并形成一个更加宁静的环境。下层蕨类植物以及其他形状独特的植物，也为整个环境提供一种神秘、幽静的氛围。

译者：饭团小组

This 2007 project, was set in two inner courtyards of a 5 floor office building in Madrid. Two rectangular spaces of 20 x 11 m. (220 m2 each) to which the fully glazed offices overlook. These courtyards provide natural light to the workspaces but receive little sunlight or direct light. Ultimately these environments are deeply shaded and poorly ventilate. The available depth for planting being very shallow (50-60 cm approx.) didn’t help much either.
It had to be a garden with a very permanent and constant in time appearance, being so present in the heart of the building and therefore seen from all floors. The vision of it from the higher floors influenced the design and structure and so determined that the pattern should be recognizable from above. Several design alternatives were offered. Some based on more formal and geometric motifs but the one which was finally accepted had this organic and naturalistic look
Shady conditions that rarely occur in Madrid should not be a limiting factor but rather the opposite, like an unusual an advantageous opportunity . This was used as an opportunity to create a small microclimate, like a redoubt where relict species take refuge in our suffering steppe environment.
Both patios share common scheme, materials and species, but the disposition of these elements vary in a relative way. Box was used as base plant, giving visible and unifying structure to the environment. It’s trimmed 2 or 3 times a year to provide plant density apart from fluidity and a natural feeling to the hole, as to resemble the form of bushes in nature. This effect was accentuated by being planted mostly on elevations that give more movement to the set along with a greater soil depth. This extra depth is something needed to accommodate the root balls of trees and for healthy development of long-term boxwood. Every year that passes its volume will increase and so the definition of forms, emphasizing its capabilities and strengths. This look vertebrates the space but also ensures that its outline is well defined in the shade because under these conditions, shapes and silhouettes tend to blur. The rest of the plants, especially the delicate ferns and the large rounded waxed leaves of Farfugium need to be set against the clear lines of box to highlight its most free and natural forms. As a complementing species, Ophiopogon was planted in drifts that follow along with the other species on the margin of the dry creek that runs through both spaces diagonally. The creek is implied by the use of rocks, stones and gravel, and is emphasized by planting species like Farfugium and ferns, normally associated with high moisture in the wild.
The stone used is the quarry of Urda (Toledo) and has a dark gray color that appears almost black when wet, further highlighting the green of the plants. As vertical element , Japanese maples where the first option for they could endure intense shade, but on technical grounds and looking for something with more development, birches where the final choice. In its favor they had the white bark that stands out as sculptural silhouette in the dark.
There are five species used in this garden, but it will be the box and silver birches who will last in time taking possession of place, gradually transforming it into a more sober and serene ambient where to look away in search of a moment of calm in the work routine. The atmosphere in these courtyards evokes nature from elsewhere, perhaps even from another era, one where the ferns and plants with whimsical shapes abounded, where flowers were scarce and the atmosphere was cool, fresh and mysterious.