Bordeaux体育场动工/Herzog & de Meuron

发布于：2023-05-12 12:41:22

Herzog & de Meuron Breaks Ground on ‘Grand Stade de Bordeaux’
位置：法国 Bordeaux
竣工：2013年
分类：体育建筑
内容：设计方案
图片：10张

建筑师：Herzog & de Meuron

Herzog & de Meuron的Bordeaux体育馆设计方案公开2年后，项目在法国开始破土动工。建筑周边绿树掩映。参观者途经大台阶和纤细的阵列柱子即可到达观众看台。看台视线通畅、座位舒适，最多可容纳43000名观众。该体育场将于2015年完工，并于2016年承办欧洲杯足球比赛。新的Bordeaux体育场是全新建筑理念的体现。体量的纯净和轻巧开放的结构相对比，创造了优雅而富于纪念性的建筑形象，和Bordeaux周边的秀丽景观相得益彰。体育馆的设计综合了三个元素：看台、集散空间和整体形象。设计的手法在于通盘考虑用地的特点，并将这三个元素在其中充分演绎。最终的建筑是独一无二的，反映着用地的内在特点。设计重在表达建筑的功能性和识别性。建筑师通过这两方面赋予设计以情感，同时也使建筑和传统体育场的作用相契合。
看台
看台分为四个区域，上设屋顶。均质的屋顶将视线导向运动场，同时阳光也通过屋顶特定角度向场地内渗透。顶部结构虽然是开放的，但是在场内是看不到的，由此避免观众注意力不集中。下部的基座将各种功能统一为对称的形体，其中包括了VIP包厢和媒体工作区。看台和基座形体简洁，保证了观众流线的通畅，导向性强。
整体形象看台顶部有着少见的矩形外形。纯净和抽象的形体对场地的自然环境做了积极回应，同时符合观众东西方向的主要流线。形体的由大量细长的柱子支撑。密集的柱子区域中还布置有卫生间和餐饮。设计概念的特殊性导致了很强的识别性。半透明的体量与用地紧密结合，朝向周边景观，为Bordeaux 形成了新的活力象征。
景观
体育场的建造联系了南北两侧，该地区未来的所有场馆设计都需要对Bordeaux的景观带设计做出回应。在建筑周围，树木南北方向排列形成背景，同时在体育馆的正立面则形成清晰的形象展示。体育馆周边环绕步行系统，向各个方向都有联系。周边的广场由草皮砖、自然草坪和柏油路面组成。不同景观内容相互关联，把体育场和周边的绿地紧密的联系在一起。

译者：钟声

Herzog & de Meuron Nearly two years after unveiling the design to the public， Herzog & de Meuron broke ground this morning on the new ‘Grand Stade de Bordeaux’ in France. Surrounded by lush vegetation typically found in this green belt district， the stepped concourse transitions visitors through a forest of slender white columns to the stadium’s bowl， whose form ensures maximum flexibility and optimal visibility for all 43，000 spectators.Completion is set for 2015， just in time to host the Euro 2016 football championship.Our project for the new Bordeaux stadium is an expression of fundamentally new architecture. The pure shape of the volume， by contrast to its light and open structure， creates an at once monumental and graceful architectural piece elegantly suited to the grand landscape of Bordeaux.
Stadium architecture combines three constitutive elements: the bowl containing the game and its spectators， the concourse as the transitional element between the playing field and the outside surroundings and， finally， the overall appearance. Our approach is to reinterpret these three elements in light of the site-specific characteristics: the resulting architecture is thus one-of-a-kind， reflecting the intrinsic features of the site.We aim to present an architectural object in which highest functional quality is combined with a unique identity. We are confident that allying these two criteria， functionality and strong identity， endows our project with an emotional dimension that the public can feel， and that is inextricably bound to the stadium’s traditional role of staging sports.
The bowl
Seating a maximum of some 43，000 persons， the bowl embraces the game area， its geometry affording optimal visibility for all， together with the maximum flexibility of capacity and usage.
The bowl consists in two superposed tiers divided into four sectors and protected from the elements by the roof. Consisting of a multitude of concentric strips， the ceiling’s homogeneous appearance guides the gaze to the playing field， while allowing sunlight to seep through thanks to the strips’ angle of slant. This open ceiling structure does not show through on the inside of the stadium， to avoid distracting the spectators’ attention.Raising the bowl above ground level is a compact base integrating all the programmatic functions into a uniform and symmetrical volume. This plinth includes the VIP loges and salons evenly distributed east and west as well as media areas adjacent to the spaces dedicated to players.The simplicity and pure lines of the architecture characterizing the bowl and its base guarantee a smooth flow of spectators and easy orientation.
The overall appearanceThe bowl resting on its base is covered by an elegant roof which has an unusual rectangular shape. The choice of this pure and almost abstract form is the clearest and most efficient response to the site’s natural conditions， and to the main flow of spectators east-west.
This white rectangle seems projected earthwards thanks to the multiplicity of slender columns that shower down. A ribbon of food stalls and restrooms undulates through this forest of columns， brought alive by the movement of the crowd.At once dense and light， this structure creates an evanescent rectangular volume from which emerges the sculpted and organic outline of the bowl.In its specificity， this architectural concept confers a strong and unparalleled identity to the new Bordeaux stadium. Well anchored to its site， this elegant and diaphanous volume looks out onto the grand landscape its transparency revealing all the energy and activities which will fill this new symbol of the city of Bordeaux’s dynamism.
Landscaping
The stadium’s implantation is linked to a particular situation， serving as a juncture between a high-quality natural setting to be reinforced to the north and， to the south， a structured urban periphery area in need of new development. Hence， any plans for the upcoming stadium must represent a basic step towards introducing the Secteur Nord Rocade tree belt， a project already foreseen by the city of Bordeaux’s landscape development plan.Our proposal aspires to draw up a preliminary rendition of these future development plans. It reinterprets the tree belt’s exceptional features comprising rows of trees lining the main access ways. It defines an overall structure and organizes the various land plots in a grid.The stadium’s surrounding areas (parvis， parking area， green corridor) belong to this language: organic tree lines serve as screens in a setting where， following the north-south orientation， they offer a variety of views while preserving a clear frontal view of the stadium’s facade. Surrounding the stadium， an entirely pedestrian public area is accessible from all sides.The ground of the square around the stadium consists of three elements: grass-jointed concrete paving， natural lawn dotted with groups of trees forming open spaces and， facilitating stadium entry and exit， hot-rolled asphalt on surfaces around the stadium and defining the bus parking area to the east. The parking area to the north holds onto its for the most part mineral ground already anticipating the tree belt with its densely planted trees interspersed by plant beds.
These mixed area types set the stadium within a defined landscape， closely correlating the stadium site with its surrounding woodland setting.