宁波市古林职业高级中学 / ARCHIS（如是）建筑设计事务所

发布于：2024-11-27 11:23:58

现实世界的背景预设：少年与城市
Designing “World Views”: School and the City
为少年设计一所面对未来的职业高中时，ARCHIS (如是) 建筑设计事务所思考着如何创造一个身处其中就可以体会到人生各种可能性的体验式校园。
The open framework of the design invites multi-authored narratives in the creation of an interactive and immersive campus.
▼连通的报告厅+图书馆，Loop Library and Auditorium © 夏至

在宁波市古林职业高级中学设计的校园里，ARCHIS 的设计团队把城市的概念引进到校园空间中，希望用城市性的方法来看待校园的设计。学生作为观众进入时并不知道接下来会发生的故事或看到的场景，所有的故事线和内容都是需要靠学生自我探索的。故事有着开放式结局，不被限定的开始和结束。相较于把校园理解为一栋建筑或一组建筑群，ARCHIS 认为更应关注的是它是否混杂了一种更为复杂的“城市性”在其中。
Students are the directors of their own daily encounters and plot developments on campus, devising their narratives through choosing different paths to take. Instead of imposing a preconceived coherence, the design embraces multi-authorship in the daily use of the school to stimulate the improvisational, the indeterminate, and the multiplicity of meanings.
▼校园的设计可以是设计一个“世界观”，Designing a “World View” © 如是建筑

▼校园里面的故事线和内容按照学生的自我探索展开，故事有着开放式结局，不被限定的开始或结束 © 如是建筑
Storylines and branch developments unfold with the students’ exploration and path selection. All stories are open-ended, without a predetermined beginning or ending

项目概况
Project Overview
宁波市古林职业高级中学创办于1956年，是一所省级重点、全寄宿制公立学校。项目位于宁波市海曙区，学校总用地面积约96851平方米，学校规模75个班，共3000个学生。
Ningbo Gulin Vocational High School is a new campus that accommodates 3,000 students distributed across 75 classes, spanning four specialized departments: preschool education, culinary arts, arts and crafts, and e-commerce. Situated in Ningbo’s Haishu District, China, the project encompasses two distinct plots, with a combined land area of approximately 96,851 square meters.
▼夜景鸟瞰视角，Aerial Night View © 夏至

▼图书馆，Loop Library © 夏至

▼行政楼，Executive Building © 夏至

▼连续的漫游系统，Continuous Loop System © 朱润资

▼食堂，Dining Hall © 夏至

▼体育馆，Gymnasium © 夏至

▼球场，Basketball Courts © 朱润资

#01
挑战与机遇
Concept & Challenges
设计一所面对未来的职业高中存在着许多挑战与机遇。职业高中与普通高中的教学模式存在差异。相对于普通高中，职业高中的教育模式和需求更加多样化，不同的专业和功能之间需要建立紧密的联系和相对的独立。因此，学校的交通空间需要被重新思考，以此减轻水平和垂直方向上的交通流量压力，同时促进各个专业的独立性和跨学科的开放性。考虑到未来教学模式的转变，设计时我们也考虑到如何将灵活性设计到学校的4D框架里。
▼分析图，analysis © 如是建筑

Designing a vocational high school presents a specific set of challenges. In contrast to the conventional classroom layout in general high schools, vocational high schools demand the building of a substantial number of vocational training rooms alongside standard classrooms. Students must navigate between various classrooms in different departments efficiently, necessitating an efficient circulation design on both horizontal and vertical levels to facilitate the intense traffic between diverse areas of specialization and functions. As the pedagogy of the school evolves, designing the school with versatility that can adapt to changing functions, ideologies, and events also becomes crucial.
▼行政楼，Executive Building © 夏至

▼LOOP图书馆内庭，Loop Library Courtyard © 夏至

#02
“千层糕”——毯式建筑的重组叠加
Mille-Feuille : Mat Urbanism and Non-Orthogonal Courtyard
通常校园空间的组织模式采用相互孤立的教学单元围合出开敞空间。这样的空间组织方式经济，但不利于学生之间的交流沟通，且其空间形式单调乏味。在这个项目里，我们通过采用毯式建筑的组织方式，将所有教学单元打散后相互组合叠加，满足职校相对普通高中更复合的功能性需求。复合的功能组织方式和连通的交通能够让师生快速到达他们的目的地，享受便捷有趣的步行体验。
▼分析图，analysis © 如是建筑

▼分析图，analysis © 如是建筑

Historically, school designs have adhered to similar layouts dictated by traditional pedagogical models, functional configurations, and stringent regulations governing lighting, ventilation, and acoustics. Conventional campus designs also typically entail isolated teaching units that enclose open spaces, yielding uniform spatial arrangements that hinder student interaction and communication. The traditional, mono-function campus designs cannot adapt to contemporary educational paradigms, which prioritize cross-disciplinary education, informal learning, and experiential pedagogy. Consequently, the conventional architectural approach in educational institutions falls short of accommodating the contemporary vision for education. The project challenges the traditional notion of an efficient construction system in China, which typically follows an orthogonal 8.4m x 8.4m grid. Instead, we explored alternative spatial configurations using mat courtyard typology in a non-orthogonal grid system. This allows various programs to be interlinked in a more efficient and organic way and offer students and teachers a more convenient pedestrian experience.
▼鸟瞰视角，Aerial Perspective © 夏至

▼顶视图，Top view © 夏至

在地面层，我们将对采光要求较小的实训教室布置在一个开放式的网络中，以适应多种活动类型，并能够根据未来学校的使用需求进行灵活调整。在二楼和三楼，我们将普通教室模块化地布置在不同的内庭周边，以获得更好的采光和视野。此外，在普通教室和实训用房之间，非正式教学空间的灵活布局将各种活动空间连接在一起，以此促进不同专业之间的交流和不同内庭之间的联系。
On the ground floor, the vocational training rooms with lower lighting requirements are placed in an open framework to accommodate flexible layouts over time. On the second and third floors, standard classrooms are clustered around different inner courtyards to receive optimized lighting and views. Additionally, in between the standard classrooms and vocational training rooms, various informal teaching spaces link various departments together to foster multidisciplinary interaction.
▼二层平台，Upper floor terrace © 朱润资

#03
“升级通关LOOPS”——非正交体系下的庭院拓扑
“LOOPS” – Non-Orthogonal Courtyard+Mat Topology
在满足产学融合的复杂功能性与学校设计相关规范的前提下，我们试图将建筑与场地的正交体系扭转，使建筑更好的跟场地融合，增加其内部非正式教学空间，并提高整体采光质量。其中工艺美术专业、烹饪专业、园林景观专业、幼儿教育专业、通用教学区、图书馆等多个不同教学空间的内庭，使用了独特的地面铺设、色彩搭配、材料选择、垂直设计元素和空间布局。这些元素就像视觉标识，有助于创造不同的空间体验，帮助学生在校园中自如导航。
By introducing a twist to the conventional orthogonal grid system in the mat+courtyard typology, we integrate the building better with the site, enhancing informal educational spaces and overall lighting quality. The interconnections of the internal courtyards not only improve the efficiency of on-campus traffic but also foster interdisciplinary communication and collaboration. Furthermore, the internal courtyards within various educational spaces are marked by their unique flooring, color palettes, material choices, vertical design elements, and spaces. These elements serve as visual markers and contribute to distinct place-making spatial experiences, helping students find their way around the campus without falling into a monotonous routine.
▼工艺美术专业庭院，Art School Department Courtyard © 朱润资

▼工艺美术专业庭院，Art School Department Courtyard © 夏至

▼工艺美术专业庭院走廊，Art School Department Courtyard ©朱润资

▼工艺美术专业楼梯，Art School Department staircase ©朱润资

▼幼儿教育专业庭院，Early Education Department Courtyard © 朱润资

▼幼儿教育专业庭院，Early Education Department Courtyard © 夏至

▼反透视楼梯，Anti-perspectival Staircase © 夏至

▼园林景观专业庭院，Landscape Department Courtyard © 夏至

▼园林景观专业走廊，Landscape Department staircase ©朱润资

除了庭院本身具有不同特点和功能，非正交的庭院拓扑也提供了多线性的漫游体系和不同主题的教学空间，从而使学校成为容纳多重事件、多重空间、多重场景的载体。
By creating multiple courtyards with diverse attributes and functions, the design constructs a microcosmic city that can enable a multitude of events, spaces, and stories, transforming the traditional closed teaching model into an open and engaging narrative.
▼烹饪专业内庭走廊，Cooking School Department Corridor © 朱润资

▼烹饪专业楼梯间，Cooking School Department Staircase © 朱润资

▼幼儿教育专业楼梯间，Early Education Department Staircase © 朱润资

▼图书馆室内，Loop Library Interior © 朱润资

▼LOOP图书馆室内，Loop Library Interior © 夏至

▼教室，Classroom © 朱润资

#04
“漫游地图”——共享路径体系
Roaming Map: Continuous Loop System
学校的二楼（从景观大台阶到报告厅，再到图书馆及各个教学楼和庭院）由一个共享漫游系统连通。不同的公共空间和室内外空间立体的串联为学生和老师提供了便捷且风雨无阻的交通。半开放的共享长廊和景观内庭使得学生在上下课之余也能感受到季节与天气的变化。
The second level of the school is interconnected through a continuous loop system, enabling covered access from the auditorium, library, and classrooms to the courtyards. Furthermore, all departments within the school are interlinked through courtyards, facilitating cross-disciplinary interactions, and ensuring efficient circulation. Various landscapes, combining water reflecting pool, rooftop gardens, and courtyard gardens, create a diverse learning environment. The continuous loop system connects indoor and outdoor spaces, ensuring all-weather accessibility and enhancing the experience for social activities and informal learning. Shared corridors and landscaped courtyards enable students to experience seasonal changes between classes.
▼开放的剧场舞台：公共的大平台和观景平台，Open Theater: Public Elevated Platform and Viewing Deck © 夏至

▼空中连桥，Skybridge © 夏至

▼连通的报告厅+图书馆，Loop Library and Auditorium © 夏至

▼环形LOOP图书馆，Loop Library © 夏至

▼连续的大地：从景观大台阶到大平台到24小时开放的外挂楼梯连接的观景平台，Continuous Ground: from Landscaped Staircases to a 24-hour Accessible Viewing Deck © 夏至

#05
“皮肤设定”——立面设计中的秩序与变化
“Skin Configuration” – Order and Variation in Facade Design
毯式建筑连续统一的特点同样体现在了建筑立面上，空间中的关联性与差异性通过建筑立面得以强化。报告厅的波浪穿孔板与教学楼的GRC面板分别都采用了相同样式但三种不同弧度的单元，以可控的随机组合的方式搭建出整体的外墙立面。横向的同材质连续性外立面暗示了内部功能空间的连续，但其中因不同弧度的单元带来的光线反射角度不同，从而产生有着节奏变化的光影律动，如非正式学习空间不同的情境空间的变化。
The building façade reflects both continuity of the campus and differentiation between various functions. The undulating GRC panels of the classrooms and perforated aluminum panels of the auditorium are grouped in various ways to create dynamic façades under different lighting conditions. Each façade incorporates three modular units of various curvatures, carefully arranged in a systematic yet randomized configuration, allowing perceived continuity on the façade with local variations.
▼教学楼三种弧度的GRC组合的光影律动的立面，GRC Panels: Three Modular Units with Different Curvatures ©朱润资

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