克罗地亚淡水水族馆与河流博物馆/3LHD

发布于：2023-07-30 21:12:06

英文名称：Croatia Freshwater Aquarium and River Museum

工程内容：实景照片

位置：其他克罗地亚

设计公司：3LHD

这是由3LHD设计的克罗地亚淡水水族馆与河流博物馆，位于Korana河河畔。建筑局部埋入地面，并在外边缘覆盖了泥土堤坝与绿化。设计理念来自这座城市的历史中心“卡尔洛瓦茨之星（Karlovac star）”，周边被泥土防卫墙与土堆包围。该项目旨在创建一个新的城市聚焦点，并形成河畔的休闲步道。因此，该项目创建了三条步道：一条通往市中心与河边，一条通往南部的运动休闲中心，一条通往东部。这三条步道的交集之处就是新的城市聚焦点，一个所有水族馆设施集中布置的广场，包括入口空间、纪念品商店、咖啡厅酒吧、图书馆与办公室。

译者：筑龙网艾比

From the architect. The Karlovac freshwater aquarium is located by the river Korana. The building volume is partially dug into the ground and covered with earthen embankments and greenery from its outer edges. The design concept was inspired by the city’s historic center “Karlovac star” surrounded by “Šanci” – defensive earthen walls and mounds. The goal was to form a new city focal point and to validate the promenade by the river. Three walking routes were formed: towards the city center and the river; towards the south and the sports and recreational center; and towards east and the road access. A new point is located at the junction of the walking routes - a square around which all of the aquarium facilities are located: entrance spaces, souvenir shop, cafe bar, library and offices.

The aquarium exhibition displays the flora and fauna of Croatian rivers and their ecosystems. The display layout follows the flow of a karst river – together with its flora, fauna and biodiversity. The exhibition starts outside, with a water surface on the square. It continues inside the building with a system of ramps that wind like a river down into the basement level because specific plant and animal species require complete control of lighting conditions in order to survive. Aquariums are placed along, above and below the visitor paths. Along the pedestrian ramps the fish are first observed from above, as they are when walking along the river; and then from the sides - they can be seen below the water surface. After the headwaters (upper part of a river) the sounds quiet down, visitors plunge into caves that feature endemic species which are often found in subterranean streams. The space expands, lighting comes from the tanks, and visitors can take a break in the central area, listen to the sounds recorded in caves, and observe the exhibited endemic species. After the cave, the visitors arrive to an aquarium with larger specimens of rare species that have disappeared from their natural habitats in Croatia. The visitors can observe the fish and aquatic plants that live in warmer parts of the riverbed. The aquariums are seen from the side, and then from underneath as the visitors walk into a tunnel that evokes immersion into a river. After the tunnel, visitors pass through a series of aquariums with water lilies and rushes usually present downstream, in the marshy habitats of a river. The exhibition ends with a system of cascading aquariums whose biotopes display waterfalls and a travertine barrier.

Finally, a stairway and an elevator return the visitors to the entrance hall through the gift shop. A space for analysis of the technological parameters of water, a scientific research center and fish aclamatization spaces are located in the center of the layout.Karlovac freshwater aquarium is co-financed from the European Regional Development Fund under the “Regional Competitiveness” 2007-20013 Operational Programme. The total value of the project is 36.691.939,28 Kuna’s, of which the grant from the European Regional Development Fund is 36,222,282.45 Kuna’s.

The concrete used on the façade is pigmented and produced by a special in-situ method right on the construction site. A special type and size of grain was selected to achieve the desired effect – to make the façade color resemble the color of ground/soil. First, the concrete is carefully applied on the hull, vibrated in layers and cultivated for a period of time. Before it is mounted on the façade the hull is coated with a cement milk retardant to slow down the binding process in the concrete. After the hull is removed the concrete surface is washed to obtain a specific texture. The mineral grains become visible and clearly define the structure and texture of the complete and solid concrete surface.