牛津新政治学院/不详

发布于：2023-06-29 10:13:27

Blavatnik School of Government，Oxford

位置：英国

分类：教育建筑

内容：实景照片

图片：16张

2011年Herzog & de Meuron建筑事务所被指定为牛津大学设计布拉瓦尼克政治学院。为这个具有历史意义的地段设计的建筑计划方针略经一番争议后，牛津市的议员们最终批准同意了由该公司来设计建造这座学院。布拉瓦尼克政治学院位于牛津城中的标志性建筑——拉德克利夫天文台——的西南角，比邻圣保罗大教堂和萨默维尔学院，并与牛津大学出版社隔沃顿街相望。该学院的建筑设计在很大程度上体现了当前城市风景所具备的特征，因此与周围的历史保护区和被列入牛津城遗产的建筑在风格上十分匹配。方案中的建筑呈现出一个精确的几何形状，这样在为建筑开辟出一条进出通道的条件下，不仅使周围的重要建筑得以保存，更凸显了它们的风采。从整体来看，布拉瓦尼克政治学院的布局是由多个矩形组成的。这座以曲线性为主导特征的建筑，看起来好像是由一系列圆盘状的物体依次稍微偏离地叠加而成。这样的构造使得它在周围历史气息浓厚的建筑群中显得十分独特。进出学院的主干道位于沃顿街的中心线上，并在一楼主要教学楼层的下方设立了一个中心入口。从此处看时，建筑的圆形几何图形正如在图书馆广场所看到的一样——慢慢变成了一个矩形，与周围的广场建筑相呼应，形成了一种“谢尔顿式的”剧院状轮廓。学院的内部设计集中在位于建筑中心的讲坛上。它在建筑中切割出一片连接各层的垂直的公共空间，使建筑内的各个项目均在此汇集。讲坛不仅为内部各个区域提供一个相互连接的通道，还通过一系列从地面拾级而上并相通的阳台为大家提供了一个集会的场所。布拉瓦尼克政治学院有望在2015年六七月份竣工。学院内将设置教学空间和学术空间，同时在各个空间内设有会议、行政、研究以及服务等场地，并由位于建筑中心的讲坛连接起来。低层楼面主要用于大面积的公共和教学项目，其中包括一间有着200个观众席位的演讲厅。而学术和研究项目因为需要更安静的氛围，便被设在高层楼面上。学院的最上方是图书馆研究塔。它俯瞰一座室外阳台，北部可以看到图书馆广场，在塔上还能将牛津城的景色尽收眼底。该项目得以实施，主要是得益于美国亿万富翁Leonard Blavatnik资助的7500万英镑的捐款。

译者：何碧云

In 2011， Herzog & de Meuron was appointed to design the new Blavatnik School of Government (BSG) at the University of Oxford. After some controversy over the planning guidelines of the historic site， Oxford City councillors have finally granted the firm permission to build the learning institution on the southwest corner of the city's landmark Radcliffe Observatory Quarter， adjacent to St. Paul's church and Sommerville college， with Oxford University Press opposite on Walton Street. The design development of the structure has been largely informed by the existing townscape so that it aligns with the conservation areas and listed buildings of oxford's heritage. The proposal is a precise geometric form which allows its important neighbours to maintain and improve their presence， while opening up access to the site. The overall geometry of BSG is a composition of orthogonal and rectangular forms. The predominantly curved architecture appears as a series of disk-like volumes， stacked on top of one another and shifted slightly， giving the school a unique presence within its historical context. The main entrance into the school is located at the middle of the Walton Street elevation， centred underneath the main teaching floor at level 1. The circular geometry seen here， as viewed from the library square， slowly transitions into a rectangular shape， speaking to the square structures which surround it， resulting in a ‘sheldonian' theatre-like shape. The internal planning of the school is focused around the heart of the building: the forum. This area slices through the structure as a vertical public space which connects all levels and programs. Its function is not only to connect and provide access between the various interior zones， but also provides a congregation and meeting area through a series of interconnected terraces that step up from the ground floor， moving towards the upper levels. The Blavatnik School of Government is set for completion in mid-2015 and will house teaching and academic spaces， supported by meeting， administration， research and service areas， all connected by the central 'forum'. The lower levels house the large public and teaching programs which include a 200 seat auditorium. The academic and research programs which require a quieter atmosphere， are situated on the upper levels. Crowing the BSG is the library research tower which overlooks an outdoor terrace， library square to the north， and offers views of oxford. The project is made possible by a generous donation of 75 million GBP from billionaire Leonard Blavatnik.