英国国王十字区谷仓广场/汤森德景观设计公司

发布于：2023-05-21 22:13:16

Britain's king barn square cross area

设计方：汤森德景观设计公司、建筑师斯坦顿•威廉姆斯、方丹工作室等

位置：英国

分类：广场

内容：实景照片

图片：16张

国王十字中心位于国王十字车站和圣潘克拉斯火车站的北面,它坐落在以前的铁道区域，占地27公顷。它为英国城市发展和重现生机带来了一个机会。总体规划旨在建设一个交通便利，功能多变，满足商业、文化、定居需求的区域。项目的核心旨在为伦敦开拓新空间，并与其他城区实现一体化。项目的理念在于在区域中心增加新的城市功能区，方案中包括了办公、商业、居住、教育、医疗保健、休闲和体育竞赛等19个分层，这些都是高质量的可持续的公共场所建设要求。

这一区域的基础设施于2007年运行，公共场地则在2008年，在其他建筑施工前开放，该阶段场地的主要功能是改善交通便捷度，特别是沟通摄政运河南北往来。规划方案里，首先开放中心区是一个重要而巧妙的设想，它给新城区发展带来了亲密而独特气息，使得公众乐于参与建设一个繁荣的社区。

作为规划方案核心，谷仓广场是国王十字中心的最大公共场地，其面积大致与特拉法加广场相等。这里曾经是运河港区停泊船只，装卸货物的地方，与其相邻的还有列入历史名录的谷仓大厦，大厦的最初设计由刘易斯库彼特在1852年完成。经过斯丹顿▪威廉姆斯公司翻修后，它现在成了伦敦艺术大学中央圣马丁设计学院的驻地。谷仓广场被设计为区域中心地带的轴点，它是运河南岸向东、北两个方向的客流分流处。尽管这一区域大部分尚未开发，伦敦人仍然乐于到此一游。2012年6月对外开放以来，谷仓广场已经举办了多次音乐节，冰激凌节，并搭建了播放体育赛事的大屏幕。

广场中心分布着四座迷人的喷泉，它们由1080个小型水泵控制，构成了欧洲最大水景中的一座。喷泉的位置对应着历史上的河港景象。喷泉准线和水泵阀门正对库彼特大厦前廊。Fountain Workshop公司负责施工的这一水景，可以控制每个水泵单独运行，从而固定水流的喷射轨迹和覆盖面积，人们可以关闭全部或单独的阀门，就可以使水景不干扰其他活动，阀门底下的铺砌材料设计巧妙。

广场周边保留了许多历史景观，例如以前从河港停泊的船上卸载的吊运机底座。这里还陈列了经过清理挪动后的火车轨道和调度台，表面填充了重复利用的花岗岩。

曾经，整个河港的工作区都铺着花岗岩，多年来大部分的花岗岩被搬走，剩下的经过清理，被铺设到广场的各个角落。现在，广场非常简朴的铺了一层斑岩，特别挑选设计的色彩，让人回忆起花岗岩时代的光怪陆离。

译者：柒柒

Situated on former railway lands, the 27ha site is located north of King’s Cross and St Pancras Train Stations and represents one of the most exciting and significant development and regeneration opportunities within the UK. The intention of the master plan is to create a fully accessible and integrated piece of the city which includes a whole range of cultural, commercial and residential uses.

The core theme of the master plan was to create a new quarter within London that would be able to evolve and become embedded into the surrounding cityscape. With the concept of creating a piece of city at its heart, the scheme design proposes offices, shops, homes, a school, a university, healthcare facilities and leisure facilities including a multi use games area, all within 19 development zones and all encompassed by the creation of a high quality sustainable public realm.

Infrastructure work commenced on site in 2007, the first major phase of public realm commenced on site in 2008 before the majority of the construction work on the buildings had begun. This was to unlock and improve access across the site, particularly to connect the north and the south of the site across Regent’s Canal. It was an important aspiration of the master plan to establish the public realm early on to help give the development a sense of identity allowing the public to use the site and establish a growing community.In Autumn 2011 King’s Boulevard, with temporary surfacing, opened to the public providing a tree lined connection between the stations and the University of the Arts.

Central to the master plan, Granary Square is the largest public space created at King’s Cross Central, roughly equal in size to Trafalgar Square. This open space is adjacent to the historically listed Granary building, originally designed by Lewis Cubitt in 1852, and was once the historic location of the canal basin used by canal boats to moor and to unload their goods. The building has now been refurbished by Stanton Williams Architects and is home to the University of the Arts London, Central Saint Martins.

Granary Square was envisaged to be an active heart to the site, a pivot point into which people crossing over the canal from the south will arrive before dispersing to the north and east. Even with a large proportion of the overall site yet to be developed, it has become an exciting new destination for London. Opened in June 2012, Granary Square has already played host to music festivals, Traction and Africa Express, an ice cream festival and a large screen for sport events.

At the centre of the square are 4 impressive banks of fountains, which contain over 1080 individual jets, making it one of the largest water features in Europe. The location of the water feature reflects the historic canal basin; the alignment and scale of each of the 4 banks of jets was a direct response to the façade of the Cubitt Building. The design of the water feature was developed with the Fountain Workshop and has the capacity to allow the jets to be programmed individually so that movement can be created across the square and temporary spaces and routes can be formed as required. All or individual banks can be turned off so that the space can be utilised for other activities and events. The paving under each of the 4 banks has been very subtly dished so that they may each be flooded with a film of water to create reflective pools. The water feature also has a misting ability designed to float above the ground.

There are a number of historic features within the Square that have been retained. These include a number of crane bases which originally held the cranes used to winch goods up from canal boats within the basin. There are also a number of train tracks and turntables which have been lifted, cleaned and returned. The tracks are picked out in the surface finishes by reused granite setts which have been laid between them.

Originally the working yards were all surfaced with granite setts. Over time many of these were removed but those that remained have been lifted and cleaned and will be reused in a number of locations across the site. The Square has been paved very simply in Porphyry paving, the colour of which has been carefully specified to reflect the original colour palette of the granite sett paving.